A Study in Scarlet by Arthur Conan Doyle
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asingle link of it .Like all other arts, the Science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can only be acquired by long and patient study nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in_it .Before turning to_those moral and mental aspects of_the matter which present the greatest difficulties, let the enquirer begin by mastering more elementary problems .Let him, on meeting afellow-mortal, learn at aglance to distinguish the history of_the man, and_the trade or profession to_which he belongs .Puerile as such an exercise may seem, it sharpens the faculties of observation, and teaches one where to look and what to look for .By aman's finger nails, by his coat-sleeve, by his boot, by his trouser knees, by_the callosities of_his forefinger and thumb, by his expression, by his shirt cuffs -- by each of_these things aman's calling is plainly revealed .That all united should fail to enlighten the competent enquirer in any case is almost inconceivable ."

"What ineffable twaddle ! " I cried, slapping the magazine down on_the table, "I never read such rubbish in my life ."

" what_is it ? " asked Sherlock Holmes .

"Why, this article," I_said, pointing at it with my egg spoon as I sat down to my breakfast ." I_see that you_have read it since you_have marked it .I don't deny that_it_is smartly written .It irritates me though . it_is evidently the theory of some arm-chair lounger who evolves all these neat little paradoxes in_the seclusion of_his own study . it_is_not practical . i_should like to_see him clapped down in athird class carriage on_the Underground, and asked to_give the trades of all his fellow-travellers . i_would lay athousand to one against him ."

" you_would lose your money," Sherlock Holmes remarked calmly ."As for_the article i_wrote it myself ."

"You ! "

"Yes, I_have aturn both for observation and for deduction .The theories which I_have expressed there, and which appear to_you to_be so chimerical are really extremely practical -- so practical that I depend upon them for_my bread and cheese ."

"And how ? " I asked involuntarily .

"Well, I_have atrade of_my own .I suppose I_am the only_one in_the_world .I'm aconsulting detective, if_you_can understand what that_is .Here in London we_have lots of Government detectives and lots of private ones .When these fellows are at fault they_come to_me, and I manage to_put them on_the right scent .They lay all the evidence before me, and I_am generally able, by_the help of_my knowledge of_the history of crime, to set them straight . there_is astrong family resemblance about misdeeds, and if_you_have all the details of athousand at your finger ends, it_is odd if_you_can't unravel the thousand and first .Lestrade is awell-known detective .He got himself into afog recently over aforgery case, and_that was what brought him here ."

"And these other people ? "

" they_are mostly sent on by private inquiry agencies . they_are all people who_are in trouble about something, and want alittle enlightening .I listen to_their story, they listen to my comments, and then I pocket my fee ."

"But do_you_mean to_say," I_said, "that without leaving your room you_can unravel some knot which other men can make nothing of, although they_have seen every detail for themselves ? "

"Quite so . I_have akind of intuition that way .Now and again acase turns up which_is alittle more complex .Then I_have to bustle about and_see things with my own eyes . you_see I_have alot of special knowledge which I apply to_the problem, and which facilitates matters wonderfully .Those rules of deduction laid down in_that article which aroused your scorn, are invaluable to_me in practical work .Observation with me is second nature .You appeared to_be surprised when i_told you, on_our first meeting, that you had come from Afghanistan ."

"You were told, no_doubt ."

"Nothing of_the sort . I_knew you came from Afghanistan .From long habit the train of thoughts ran so swiftly through my mind, that I arrived at_the conclusion without being conscious of intermediate steps .There were such steps, however .The train of reasoning ran, ` here_is agentleman of amedical type, but with_the air of amilitary man .Clearly an army doctor, then .He has just come from_the tropics, for_his face is dark, and that_is_not the natural tint of_his skin, for_his wrists are fair .He has undergone hardship and sickness, as his haggard face says clearly .His left arm has_been injured .He holds it in astiff and unnatural manner .Where in_the tropics could an English army doctor have seen much hardship and got his arm wounded ? Clearly in Afghanistan .' The whole train of thought did_not occupy asecond .I then remarked that you came from Afghanistan, and you were astonished ."

" it_is simple enough as_you explain it," I_said, smiling ."You remind me of Edgar Allen Poe's Dupin .I had no idea that such individuals did exist outside of stories ."

Sherlock Holmes rose and lit his pipe ." no_doubt you_think that you_are complimenting me in comparing me to Dupin," he observed ."Now, in my opinion, Dupin was avery inferior fellow .That trick of_his of breaking in on_his friends' thoughts with an apropos remark after aquarter of an hour's silence is really very showy and superficial .He had some analytical genius, no_doubt; but he_was by no means such aphenomenon as Poe appeared to imagine ."

" have_you read Gaboriau's works ? " I asked ."Does Lecoq come up_to your idea of adetective ? "

Sherlock Holmes sniffed sardonically ."Lecoq was amiserable bungler," he_said, in an angry voice; "he had only one_thing to recommend him, and_that was his energy .That book made me positively ill .The question was how to identify an unknown prisoner . I_could_have done it in twenty-four hours .Lecoq took six months or so .It might_be made atext-book for detectives to teach them what to avoid ."

I_felt rather indignant at having two characters whom I had admired treated in_this cavalier style .I walked over to_the window, and stood looking out into_the busy street ."This fellow may_be very clever," I_said to myself, "but he_is certainly very conceited ."

" there_are no crimes and no criminals in_these days," he_said, querulously ." what_is the use of having brains in_our profession . I_know well that I_have it in me to_make my name famous .No man lives or has ever lived who has brought the same amount of study and of natural talent to_the detection of crime which I_have_done .And what_is the result ? there_is no crime to detect, or, at most, some bungling villany with amotive so transparent that even aScotland Yard official can_see through it ."

i_was still annoyed at his bumptious style of conversation . i_thought it best to_change the topic .

"I wonder what that fellow is looking for ? " I asked, pointing to astalwart, plainly-dressed individual who was walking slowly down the other side of_the street, looking anxiously at_the numbers .He had alarge blue envelope in_his hand, and was evidently the bearer of amessage .

"You mean the retired sergeant of Marines," said Sherlock Holmes .

"Brag and bounce ! " thought I to myself ." he_knows that I_cannot verify his guess ."

The thought had hardly passed through my mind when_the man whom we were watching caught sight of_the number on_our door, and ran rapidly across the roadway .We heard aloud knock, adeep voice below, and heavy steps ascending the stair .

" for_Mr Sherlock Holmes," he_said, stepping into_the room and handing my friend the letter .

Here was an opportunity of taking the conceit out of him .He little thought of_this when he_made that random shot ."May I ask, my lad," I_said, in_the blandest voice, "what your trade may_be ? "

"Commissionaire, sir," he_said, gruffly ."Uniform away for repairs ."

"And you were ? " I asked, with aslightly malicious glance at my companion .

"A sergeant, sir, Royal Marine Light Infantry, sir .No answer ? Right, sir ."

He clicked his heels together, raised his hand in asalute, and was gone .

CHAPTER III .

THE LAURISTON GARDEN MYSTERY {6}

I CONFESS that i_was considerably startled by_this fresh proof of_the practical nature of_my companion's theories .My respect for_his powers of analysis increased wondrously .There still remained some lurking suspicion in my mind, however, that_the whole thing was apre-arranged episode, intended to dazzle me, though what earthly object he could_have in taking me in was past my comprehension .When I looked at him he had finished reading the note, and_his eyes had assumed the vacant, lack-lustre expression which showed mental abstraction .

"How in_the_world did you deduce that ? " I asked .

"Deduce what ? " said he, petulantly .

"Why, that he_was aretired sergeant of Marines ."

" I_have no time for trifles," he answered, brusquely; then with


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